As an example, look at a person riding a bicycle, with the individual acting like the electric motor. If see your face tries to trip that bike up a steep hill in a gear that is made for low rpm, he or she will struggle as
they try to maintain their balance and achieve an rpm that may allow them to climb the hill. However, if indeed they shift the bike’s gears right into a acceleration that will create a higher rpm, the rider could have
a much easier period of it. A constant force can be applied with soft rotation being supplied. The same logic applies for commercial applications that want lower speeds while keeping necessary
torque.
• Inertia coordinating. Today’s servo 
motors are generating more torque in accordance with frame size. That’s due to dense copper windings, light-weight materials, and high-energy magnets.
This creates greater inertial mismatches between servo motors and the loads they want to move. Using a gearhead to better match the inertia of the engine to the inertia of the load allows for using a smaller engine and results in a far more responsive system that is easier to tune. Again, that is accomplished through the gearhead’s ratio, where in fact the reflected inertia of the load to the electric motor is decreased by 1/ratio2.
Recall that inertia may be the way of measuring an object’s level of resistance to improve in its movement and its own function of the object’s mass and shape. The higher an object’s inertia, the more torque is needed to accelerate or decelerate the object. This implies that when the strain inertia is much larger than the electric motor inertia, sometimes it could cause excessive overshoot or increase settling times. Both circumstances can decrease production line throughput.
However, when the motor inertia is larger than the strain inertia, the electric motor will require more power than is otherwise necessary for the particular application. This raises costs because it requires spending more for a motor that’s bigger than necessary, and because the increased power usage requires higher operating costs. The solution is by using a gearhead to match the inertia of the motor to the inertia of the load.
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